Abstract: During investigating rare and endangered plants in China, the authors made morphological observation on Hamamelis subaequalis H. T. Chang and discovered that it is apetalus, different from the tribe Hamamelideae, in addition to other morphological charac- ters,  which  differ  from  the  genera  of the  tribes  Distylteae  and  Fothergilleae(Hamamelidaceae). Therefore, a new genus-Shaniodendron is described.