Abstract: Lagerstroemioxylon yuanmouensis sp. nov. is established from the Pliocene sediments near Xinhua, Yuanmou Basin, Yunnan, China. Its growth rings are distinct. Pores diffuse, solitary, and in radial multiples; perforation plates simple; intervessel pits alternate, vestured; vessel-ray pits alternate; tyloses thin-walled, abundant in vessels. Septate fibers distinct. Axial parenchyma predominantly paratracheal, narrow vasicentric and marginal. Rays mostly uniseriate, homocellular. The genus Lagerstroemioxylon was reported in the Tertiary sediments of India, Myanmar, Indonesia and