Abstract: The karyotypes of 10 species of the Liliaceae from the Qinling Range are reported as follows. I. Polygonatum Mill. (1)  P. odoratum ( Mill. )  Druce  was  found  to  have  the  karyotype 2n=20=12m+8sm ( Plate 3,  Fig. I), which belongs to  Stebbins’ (1971) karyotype classification 2B. The chromosomes range from 3.88 to 11.26μm in size.   Table 2 shows the karyotypes and number fundamentals (N.F.) of 13 materi- als from 12 different localities. The N. F. of these materials can be classified into two groups: N.F. =36 and N.F.=40, besides one (N.F. =38) from Beijing. N. F. =36 covers all the materials with 2n= 18 which have relatively symmetrical karyotypes (  all  consisting  of  m and sm chromosomes), one  with 2n=20 (10m+6sm+4st) and one with 2n=22 (14m+8st). N.F. =40 include four materials with 2n= 20 (all of m and sm chromosomes ) and 3 with 2n= 22 (10m+ 8sm+ 4st). ￥   It is  considered that  there are  two original karyotypes,  2n= 18  with N. F. = 36 and 2n= 20 with N.F. =40, which are relatively symmetrical. All the more asymmetrical karyotypes with some st chromosomes have probably evolved from the symmetrical karyotypes without st chromosomes by centric fission.   (2)  P. zanlanscianense Pamp.  has  the karyotype  2n=30=18m(2SAT) + 4sm+ 6st+ 2t (Plate 1,  Fig. 1) which belongs to 2C. The chromosomes range from 2.16 to 9.76μm. ￥   II. Asparagus filicinus  Buch.-Ham. ex D.Don. The karyotype of this species is 2n = 16= 8m(2SAT )+ 6sm + 2st (Plate 1, Fig. 1  and Table 3 ) , which belongs to 2B. The chromosomes range from 2.33 to 5.30μm. Most species in Aspara- gus, including A.Filicinus, are reported to have basic number x= 10, and therefore 2n= 16 is a new chromosome number for A.filicinus. EL-Saded et.al.(1972) gave a  report  of n=8 for A. stipularis from Egypt, while Delay (1947) reported 2n = 24 for A. trichophyllus and A. verticillatus, Sinla(1972 ) gave a report of 2n=48 for A.racemosus. It is certain that there are two basic numbers in the genus Aspa- ragus. III. Cardiocrinum giganteum (Wall.) Makino was found to have the karyotype 2n=24=4m+8st+12t (Plate 1, Fig. 1 ), which belongs to 3B. The chromosomes range from 8.71 to 20.24μm. IV. Smilax  discotis  Warb. was shown to have the karyotype 2n=32=4m+22sm+4st (2SAT)+2t (Plate 1, Fig. 1 and Table 3), which be- longs to 3C. The first pair is much longer than others. The chromosomes range from 1.79 to 9.21μm. The chromosome number and karyotype of S. discotis are both reported for the first time. V. Reineckia carnea (Andr.) Kunth is of the karyotype 2n=38=28m+10sm (Plate 2, Fig. 1 ), which belongs to 2B. The chromosomes range from 5.65 to  12.75μm. VI.  Tupistra  chinensis  Baker  was  found to  have  the karyotype 2n=38=25m+ 13sm (Plate 2, Fig. 1), which belongs to 2B. The chromosomes range from 8.11 to 23.82μm. A pair of heterozygous chromosomes is arranged at the end of the idiogram. The eighth pair possesses an intercalary satellite. Huang et al. (1989) reported the karyotype of T. chinensis from Yunnan as  2n = 38 = 24m+ 14sm without any intercalary satellite. Nagamatsu and  Noda (1970) gave a report on the karyotype of T. nutans from Bhutan, which  consists of 18 pairs of median to submedian  chromosomes and one pair of  subterminal chromosomes.  And one pair of submedian chromosomes possess  intercalary satellites on their short arms. VII.  Rohdea japonica (Thunb) Roth.  was found  to have the karyotype  2n=38=30m+6sm+2st ( Plate  2,  Fig.  1),  which  belongs  to  2B.  The  chromosomes range from 7.94 to 18.29μm.   Nagamatsu and Noda (1970) reported that the karyotype of R.japonica from  Japan was the same as that of Tupistra nutans from Bhutan. But we have not discov-  ered any chromosome with an intercalary satellite.   VIII.  Hosta Tratt.   (1) H.  plantaginea (Lam.) Aschers was shown to have 2n=60.  The 60 chromosomes are in 30 pairs,which can be classified into 4 pairs of large chromosomes (7.32- 8.72μm ), 3 pairs of medium-sized ones (4.72-5.60μm), and 23 pairs of small ones (1.40-3.64μm), (Plate 3 ,Table 4 ).   The karyotype of H. plantaginea is reported for the first time.   (2) H. ventricosa (Salisb.) Stearn was counted to have 2n=120, The 120 chromosomes are in 60 pairs,  which can be classified into 8 pairs of large chromosomes (7.00- 8.40μm ), 6 pairs of medium-sized ones(4.40- 6.15um ), 46 pairs of small ones (1.20- 3.85μm), (Plate 3, Table 4). Based on the karyotypes of H. plantaginea and H. ventricosa, the latter is probably a tetraploid