植物分类学报

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国产13种鸢尾属植物的核型研究

沈云光; 王仲朗; 管开云*   

  1. (中国科学院昆明植物研究所 昆明 650204)
  • 收稿日期:2006-04-06 修回日期:2006-10-12 出版日期:2007-09-18 发布日期:2007-09-18
  • 通讯作者: 管开云 E-mail:guanky@mail.kib.ac.cnlu

Karyotypes of thirteen species of Iris L. from China

SHEN Yun-Guang, WANG Zhong-Lang, GUAN Kai-Yun*   

  1. (Kunming Institute of Botany, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650204, China)
  • Received:2006-04-06 Revised:2006-10-12 Online:2007-09-18 Published:2007-09-18
  • Contact: GUAN Kai-Yun E-mail:guanky@mail.kib.ac.cnlu

摘要:

对中国产13种鸢尾属Iris植物进行了核型研究。其中中甸鸢尾I. subdichotoma、长葶鸢尾I. delavayi、大锐果鸢尾I. cuniculiformis为中国特有。大锐果鸢尾的染色体数目及核型为首次报道, 核型公式为2n=22=4m+6sm+12st(2SAT)。长管鸢尾I. dolichosiphon的核型为首次报道, 核型公式为2n=22=4m+12sm+6st。中甸鸢尾的染色体数目为新报道, 核型公式为2n=42=20m+22sm。矮紫苞鸢尾I. ruthenica va

Abstract:

Cytological studies were carried out for 13 taxa in the genus Iris from China, of which three species, namely I. subdichotoma, I. delavayi and I. cuniculiformis were endemic to China. The chromosome numbers in somatic cells for each taxon were as follows: I. subdichotoma, 2n=42; I. japonica, 2n=34; I. wattii, 2n=30; I. laevigata, 2n=32; I. ruthenica var. nana, 2n=42; I. collettii, 2n=28; I. dolichosiphon and I. cuniculiformis, 2n=22; I. bulleyana, I. delavayi, I. chrysographes, I. forrestii, and I. lactea var. chinensis, 2n=40. The chromosome number and karyotype of I. cuniculiformis were reported here for the first time and its karyotype formula was 2n=22=4m+6sm+12st(2SAT). The karyotype of I. dolichosiphon was also firstly reported, whose karyotype formula was 2n=22=4m+12sm+6st. The chromosome number and karyotype of I. subdichotoma was newly observed, whose karyotype formula was 2n=42=20m+22sm. Three populations of I. ruthenica var. nana from different localities were investigated and all the three populations had the same chromosome numbers different than previously reported. The karyotype formulae for I. ruthenica var. nana were shown as follows: Zhongdian population, 2n=42=30m+12sm (2SAT); Lijiang population, 2n=42=28m+14sm(2SAT); Nixi population, 2n=42=36m+6sm (4SAT). In addition, the 2n chromosome numbers of three subgenera Limniris, Iris and Nepalensis in the genus Iris from present results and previous reports were summarized. The results showed that the chromosome number varied considerably in subgen. Nepalensis, in which I. subdichotoma was possibly a key species between the genus Pardanthopsis and subgen. Nepalensis. Chromosome number of I. ruthenica was reported as 2n=84 which was twice as much as its variety I. ruthenica var. nana (2n=42) we observed. By comparing with related groups, I. ruthenica is likely to derive from diploid group. Finally, variation of chromosome number and evolutional tendency of karyotype in the genus Iris were also discussed.

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