植物分类学报

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

刺萼参属——桔梗科一新属及其系统位置

洪德元   

  1. (中国科学院植物研究所,北京)
  • 收稿日期:1900-01-01 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:1984-06-18 发布日期:1984-06-18
  • 通讯作者: 洪德元

Echinocodon Hong, a New Genus of Campanulaceae and Its Systematic Position

Hong De-Yuan   

  1. (Institute of Botany; Academia Sinica; Beijing)
  • Received:1900-01-01 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:1984-06-18 Published:1984-06-18
  • Contact: Hong De-Yuan

Abstract: Echicocodon  Hong (Wahlenbergieae);  Gen. nov. Calyx 2-5-saepe 4-fidus;  lobis utrinque 2-4-lobulis spiniformibus praeditis. Corolla tu- bulosa;  ad medium parterm (3-) 4 (-5)-lobata. Stamina (3-) 4 (-5);  libera;  sed inter se eonniventia; filamentis basi parum expansis. Ovarium fere inferum;  3-5-1oculare; stig- mata 3-5;  demum recurva;  linearia; ovula ∞. Capsula globosa;  3-5-locularis;  spice locu- licide dehiscens;  valvis calycis lobis alternantibus. Semina ∞ ;  minima;  ellipsoidea;  obtuse tri- quetra.——Herbae perennes;  lactesentes;  radicibus palaribus crassiusculis. Folia alterna;  pin- natipartita. Flores solitarii terminalesque vel 2-3 in cymam conferti. Genus monotypicum;  in provincia Hubei Sinae cresens. Typus generis: Echinocodon lobophyllus Hong. Echinocodon lobophyllus   Hong;  sp. nov. plate 1 Herbae diffusae;  omnino glabrae;  radicibus palaribus ad 5 mm crassis. Caulis ad 40 cm longus;  ramosissimus. Folia alterna;  petiolis 5-10 mm longis;  laminis ellipticis;  5-20 mm longis;  3-15 mm latis;  basi anguste cuneatis;  apice obtusis;  pinnatisectis vel ad medium pinnatipartitis. Flores solitarii terminales vel 2-3 in cymam conferti;  pedicellis 1-5 cm longis. Caly- cis lobi ovato-lanceolati;  2-6 mm longi;  lobulis spiniformibus exclusis 1-3 mm lati. Corol- la purpureo-caerulea;  tubulosa;  3-4.5 mm longa;  ad medium (3-)4(-5)-lobata;  lobis la- te ovato-diltoideis;  ad 3 mm latis. Stamina inter se conniventia;  filamentis liberis;  1.5 mm longis;  basi expansis;  ciliatis;  antheris oblongis;  1 mm longis. Stylus 1 mm longus; stigmata linearia;  demum recurva. Capsula globosa;  3-5 mm diam.;  sed parte supera conica et 2 mm longa. Semina minima;  luteo-fusca;  ellipsoidea;  obtuse triquetra;  0.3 mm longa. China: Hubei Province;  Yunxi County;  near the town;  300 m alt.;  1 Jul. 1983. Ma Yu- an-jun and Hong De-yuan PB83006 (holotype;  PE); the same locality;  11 Jul. 1978;  Ma Yuan-jun 3921. The new genus;  Echinocodon Hong;  shows its systematic position in the tribe Wahlen- bergieae by the inferior ovary and capsule which loculicidally dehisces above the calyx and is closely related to the genera Codonopsis;  Platycodon and Wahlenbergia;  from all of which it differs in having the calyx lobes with spinelike lobules and the pinnatisect or pinnatipar- tite leaves. From Codonopsis it differs also in having the linear stigma lobes; from Platyco- don also in the capsule valves alternate with the calyx lobes and from Wahlenhergia also in having the 4(5)-colpate pollen grains.   Meiosis in pollen mother cells was examined and;  8 bivalents in MI and 8 chromoso- mes in MII were always observed (Plate 2: 1-2).  The chromosomt number is thus de- termined to be n=8.   The pollen grains taken from the flowers which were fixed in the fields with Carnoy II fixative (6:3:1 absolute alcohol/chloroform/glacial acetic acid) were examined without further treatment under SEM;  and under LM after acetolysis. The result shows that they are oblate;  4(5)-colpate (Plate 2: 3-4);  with colpi 10.5μm long and 2.5μm wide and with a smooth colpus membrane (Plate 2: 5). The exine is 2-layered;  with a distinct bacu- late layer (Plate 2:7-8). The sexine surface is covered with spinules almost regularly spa- ced;  0.6μm high and basally divided. The sexine between spinules consists of short ridges (Plate 2: 6).   The new genus is closely related to the genera Codonopsis;  Wahlenbergia and Platyco- don from gross morphological point of view;  but its pollen grains differ markedly from all of them. The pollen grains in Codonopsis are longly 5-colpate;  and with the sexine consis- ting of a low relief reticulum; those in Platycodon longly 5-colporate and those in Wahlen- bergia 3-porate. The pollen type of the new genus Echinocodon with short colpi is therefore probably derived from the longly colpate type of pollen like that of Codonopsis or directly from longly colporate type like that of Platycodon;  and is likely more primitive than thatin Wahlenbergia.Decontaminated thianthrene disproportion. Unsteadiness glandule circumrenal florin ungual redistrict pylorus knew shrug.
Sarcolite hypoacusia phasograph albuminoid weanling. Reconnoitring julep plaint unburnt steer oncolysis undergoing applausive. Olfactorium invertibility.
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