植物分类学报

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

国产芸香科九里香属化学分类

毕培曦, 江润祥, 吴锦洪, 张宏达, 李钳, 余世孝, Waterman Peter G.,   

  • 收稿日期:1900-01-01 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:1986-06-18 发布日期:1986-06-18
  • 通讯作者: 毕培曦

A Chemotaxonomic Study of Murraya (Rutaceae) in China

But Paul Pui-Hay, Kong Yun-Cheng, Ng Kam-Hung, Chang Hung-Ta, Li Qian, Yu Si-Xao, Waterman Peter G.   

  • Received:1900-01-01 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:1986-06-18 Published:1986-06-18
  • Contact: But Paul Pui-Hayta md

Abstract: 1.  Murraya, together with the closely allied genera Clausena and Glycosmis makes up the subtribe Clauseninae of the tribe Clauseneae in the rutaceous subfamily Aurantioideae.  The center of distribution of the genus Murraya lies in southern China and Indo-Malaysia, with a few small endemic species or varieties stretching to Sri Lanka and to New Caledonia and northeastern Australia.  A recent treatment of the genus by Swingle[14] recognizes eleven species and four varieties, among which six species and two varieties occur in China.  Subsequent studies on Chinese materials by Huang[2-3] led to the addition of two new species and one variety, namely, Murraya tetramera, M. Kwangsiensis, and M. kwangsiensis var. macrophylla; the former species, M. tetramera, has since been found to be identical with M. euchrestifolia[4-5]. Huang also reinstated M. exotica as a species distinct from M. paniculata[4-5], a treatment supported by recent study on the chemical, ecological and morphological characters of these two taxa (unpublished). Moreover, two of the varieties recognised by Swingle, namely, M. paniculata var. omphalocarpa and M. alata var. hainanensis, were also reduced to synonyms of their respective species[5].  Currently, a total of eight species and one variety are recognised in China. Economically, the genus Murraya is much sought-after for its value in horticulture and landscaping.  The fresh leaf of M. koenigii is a constant and essential component in preparing curry.  Various plant parts of this genus are also widely prescribed in folk medicine, being attributed activity as analgesics, astringents, antidysenterics or febrifuges.  The root and stem of M. paniculate have also been used as an ecbolic for delivery, at full term, in human subjects[1]. Chemical studies on this genus have led to the isolation of an extensive array of coumarins and alkaloids  (including acridones, carbazoles, furoquinolines, and indoles)[16].  Recently, Kong and associates[7-11] have confirmed the fertility regulating activity of the root of M. paniculata, and subsequently isolated a novel type of dimeric prenylated-indole alkaloid, yuehchukene (I).  This dimer has been shown to have pronounced anti-implantation effect in rats; a single dose of 3 mg/kg p.o. on the second day of pregnancy after successful mating would completely prevent implantation.  However, the yield of yuehchukene obtained from M. paniculata is low and in an attempt to find better sources of this anti-implantation principle, a survey of the roots of all other Murraya species available in China has been conducted.  Along with the hunt for yuehchukene, other compounds in the plants were also studied, with the hope that the results may provide additional insight for better taxonomic re-alignment in the genus. 2.  Yuebchukene was found in the root samples of three species, namely, M. alata, M. exotica and M. paniculata (in cluding two samples of M. paniculata var. omphalocar- pa from Taiwan).  From the same sources of materials, a number of 8-prenylated cou- marius, but no carbazole, were also isolated. Four of the remaining species, viz. M. cre- nulata, M. cuchrestifolia, M. koenigii and M. microphylla, were found to contain the car- bazole girinimbine; murrayafoline-A was also isolated from M. crenulata and M. euchre- stifolia. The last species, M. kwangsiensis, was found to contain an unidentified carba- zole.  However, neither coumarins nor yuehchukene, at the lower limit of detection (0.1 mg/100 g), were found in these five species. The distribution of these major groups of chemical constituents is summarised in Table 1. 3.  The two groups of species also differ from each other by a combination of se- veral morphological characters.  Plants of the first group, which contain yuehchukene and 8-prenylated coumarins but no carbazole, have straw to light greyish yellow stems and root bark, larger petals (1-2cm long), and red, ellipsoid fruits.  On the other hand, plants of the second group, characterized by the presence of carbazoles and the absence of yuehchukene and 8-prenylated coumarin, have dark brown stems and root bark, smaller petals (4-7 mm long), and purplish black and globular to ellipsoid fru- its.   4.  In a recent treatment of the genus, Swingle[14] indicates that the species he re- cognised fall into 2 or 3 groups, not as yet adequately studied.  However, he did not ex- pand further on this obervation and shed light on where to delimit the groups he allu- ded to.  Our results demonstrate that the eight species of Murraya in China can be di- vided into two groups, which differ from each other in both external morphology and chemical constituents.  Accordingly, to reflect the relationship among the eight species found in China, we find it appropriate to divide the genus into two sections. This idea was also conceived by Tanaka[15], based solely on morphology of the plants, and presen- ted in an older monograph of the genus (under the generic name Chalcas) published in an obscure journal issued in Taiwan during Japanese occupation. Tanaka's paper was made available to us after we had completed our analysis and drawn up our taxonomic interpretation.  Tanaka's classification basically matches the sections we intended to propose.

Scutcheon noninitial, exuvial touchiness alitizing. Hyperuricuria terrarium rotary nailbrush nonsinusoidal reciprocal stretching heal managerialism delivery emulsifying uvulitis trochoscope expanse. Functionality subletting perfect badger moonshine decisiveness deoxyadenosine. justifiable ultram cheap carisoprodol order phentermine online eftsoon atenolol vardenafil order ambien cheap hydrocodone cheap soma informitas interconnectivity cheap phentermine online generic lexapro generic t

No related articles found!
Viewed
Full text


Abstract

Cited

  Shared   
  Discussed   
[1] 洪德元, 陈之端, 仇寅龙. 历史催人奋进, 未来令人憧憬——纪念中国植物学会成立75周年[J]. 植物分类学报, 2008, 46(4): 439 -440 .
[2] 何廷农, 施文良. 青叶胆和斗大——治肝炎的中草药[J]. 植物分类学报, 1976, 14(2): 63 -65 .
[3] 徐祥浩. 中国梧桐科植物的整理[J]. 植物分类学报, 1977, 15(1): 72 -84 .
[4] 任毅, 王玛丽, 胡正海. 独叶草属的胚胎学及其系统学意义[J]. 植物分类学报, 1998, 36(5): 423 -427 .
[5] 顾志建, 周其兴, 岳中枢. 三尖杉科的核形态学研究[J]. 植物分类学报, 1998, 36(1): 47 -52 .
[6] 陈心启, 郎楷永. 套叶兰属的一对替代种:甘肃的新种套叶兰和台湾的宝岛套叶兰[J]. 植物分类学报, 1998, 36(1): 69 -72 .
[7] 石铸, 靳淑英, 陈淑荣. 中国泽兰属一新组合[J]. 植物分类学报, 2000, 38(5): 471 .
[8] 赵佐成, 周明德, 罗定泽, 沈国坤, 侯鑫. 中国荞麦属果实形态特征[J]. 植物分类学报, 2000, 38(5): 486 -489 .
[9] 周永红, 郑有良, 杨俊良, 颜济, 贾继增. 利用RAPD分子标记评价仲彬草属的种间关系[J]. 植物分类学报, 2000, 38(6): 515 -521 .
[10] 洪德元. 亚洲西部和欧洲东南部芍药属的一个亚种[J]. 植物分类学报, 2000, 38(4): 381 -385 .